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How U.S. Satellites Are Deciphering Earth's Climate

How U.S. Satellites Are Deciphering Earth's Climate
Hello, WNC Times readers! From our own backyards here in Western North Carolina to the farthest corners of the globe, the conversation about climate change is a constant. But how do we actually know what's happening to our planet on a massive scale? The answer, for a big part of it, is in space.

High above us, a fleet of U.S. satellites acts as our planet's personal sentinels, tirelessly gathering data with advanced sensors. These aren't just pieces of high-tech gear; they are indispensable tools that provide scientists, policymakers, and the public with the vital insights we need to understand and protect our home.

Our Climate Detectives in Orbit

Let's take a look at what some of these incredible missions are doing right now.

The Carbon Trackers: OCO-2 and OCO-3

At the forefront of this orbital endeavor are NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) missions. Think of OCO-2 and OCO-3 as the ultimate census takers for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). With remarkable accuracy, they measure global CO2 concentrations from space, providing a comprehensive map of where the gas is being released and where it is being absorbed. This data helps us understand how natural "sinks" like forests and oceans are working and gives us a clear picture of human-caused emissions, a critical step for refining climate models and evaluating global efforts to reduce our carbon footprint.

The Landscape Watchers: Landsat

The decades-long Landsat program, a joint effort between NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), provides an unparalleled visual record of our planet's surface. Landsat is like a time-lapse camera, showing us everything from the retreat of mountain glaciers to deforestation and urban sprawl. Its continuous stream of high-resolution imagery allows us to track the tangible effects of a warming climate and how our actions are shaping the world around us.

The Water Monitors: GRACE-FO

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission is a fascinating tool for tracking the global water cycle. By measuring minute changes in Earth's gravity field, the twin satellites can detect how mass—primarily water—is moving across the planet. This allows scientists to precisely monitor the loss of ice from glaciers and ice sheets, track changes in groundwater levels during droughts, and measure the shifting mass of the oceans, providing crucial data for predicting sea-level rise and managing water resources.

A Look Toward the Future


The information gleaned from these missions is more than just data; it's a foundation for knowledge and action. It helps us make informed decisions about policy, informs us about the health of our ecosystems, and empowers us to be more engaged citizens. As these missions continue to orbit and collect data, they reinforce the simple truth that a healthy planet requires constant observation, analysis, and a commitment to understanding the complex systems that sustain us all. 

WNCTimes

Image: AI Generated by WNCTimes

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